Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), also known as "white graphene", is a two-dimensional layered material with a structure similar to graphene, consisting of alternating boron and nitrogen atoms arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb network. The interlayer is bonded by strong covalent bonds, while the interlayer is stacked by weak van der Waals forces. This unique structure brings excellent insulation performance and multifaceted application potential.
The insulation performance of h-BN is mainly reflected in four aspects: firstly, it has a wide bandgap of about 5.9 eV, far exceeding semiconductors such as silicon, almost isolating electron transitions and exhibiting excellent insulation properties; Secondly, it has a high breakdown field strength and can withstand strong electric fields without being damaged, making it suitable for high-voltage and high-power environments; Thirdly, it has good thermal stability and chemical inertness, and maintains stable performance in high temperature and corrosive environments; Fourthly, the surface is atomically flat and free of dangling bonds, making it an ideal two-dimensional material support substrate to reduce interface scattering.
Based on these characteristics, h-BN has become a key material in many cutting-edge fields. In the microelectronics industry, it is widely used as an ideal substrate and gate dielectric for two-dimensional transistors such as graphene devices, significantly improving carrier mobility; In the field of optoelectronics, it is suitable for deep ultraviolet detection and emission devices due to its wide bandgap characteristics; At the same time, h-BN can also be used as a high-temperature lubricant, anti-oxidation coating, and thermal insulation filler for composite materials, improving the comprehensive performance of heat dissipation and insulation.
In summary, hexagonal boron nitride plays an irreplaceable role in high-frequency electronic devices, deep ultraviolet optoelectronic technology, high-temperature protection, and advanced composite materials due to its unique insulation and physical properties. As the preparation process continues to mature, h-BN is expected to provide key material support in more high-tech applications.
